1 further parallels
1.1 alliterative morte arthure
1.2 sir gawain , green knight
1.3 amis , amiloun
1.4 mabinogion
further parallels
parallels can found in medieval arthurian literature, medieval romance , in welsh mythology. in particular, motif of reciprocity widespread in british literature.
alliterative morte arthure
in late-fourteenth century middle english poem known alliterative morte arthure, based upon episode in geoffrey of monmouth s mid-twelfth century historia regum britanniae, king arthur travels army across france in order meet roman army sent against him. encounters army in france, defeats , kills commander, sending army rome in disarray, along bodies of sixty of chief senators of rome, , reaches tuscany (an area of italy immediate south of ancient region of cisalpine gaul) before news reaches him of mordred s treachery, prompting inauspicious , premature return.
the knightly tale of gologras , gawain, also, has king arthur fighting in france , leading army towards tuscany.
in tyme of arthur, trew men me tald,
the king turnit on ane tyde towart tuskane,
hym seik ovr sey, saiklese sald,
the syre sendis seill, suthly sane.
in time of arthur, honest men have told me, king set off 1 day tuscany, seek our lord on sea betrayed , died us, our benevolent father in truthfulness.
sir gawain , green knight
in addition episodes described above, first continuation of chrétien de troyes perceval includes scene in magician, father of knight of round table, sir carados, enters king arthur s court , invites 1 of king s knights cut off head, promising knight can cut off head afterwards. done, , token blow received in return. episode similar 1 composed 2 hundred years later in middle english alliterative verse, opening scene of sir gawain , green knight found in ms cotton nero a.x, , possibly direct source. in story of sir gawain , green knight, however, return blow delivered in year s time.
sir gawain, on last night @ sir bertilak s castle in sir gawain , green knight, having gone through locate green chapel @ must suffer return stroke of axe, determined, in chivalrous style, merrier ever before. likewise, gologras, in knightly tale of gologras , gawain, determined seen relaxed , mery in hall, when things going badly him outside , knights failing gain upper hand. show of composure in adversity becomes measure of honour , chivalry both protagonists. , climax of both knightly tale of gologras , gawain , sir gawain , green knight involves reciprocity. in one, sir gawain takes upon himself has given gologras, is, mantle of defeat. in other, sir gawain receives has given opponent, is, stroke of axe. , not stroke of axe, earlier, also, in bertilak s castle, game played in bertilak had gained in forest given sir gawain, , sir gawain had achieved in castle (supposed be) given host. more reciprocity.
amis , amiloun
a fourteenth century middle english poem amis , amiloun, found in famous auchinleck manuscript, tells story contains many elements , motifs derived european folklore. based upon twelfth-century old french poem amis et amiles, tells of pair of unrelated young men alike nobody can tell them apart. swear blood brotherhood together, pledge put test when amis has fight trial combat on crime of guilty. rides amiloun, married, , exchange identities. amis rides amiloun s castle pretending lord. amiloun rides away fight single combat on amis s behalf, able swear innocent of crime.
mabinogion
tales middle welsh mabinogion found in 2 manuscripts dating mid- , late-fourteenth century, many of tales evolved on span of centuries: passed on storyteller storyteller, turns expanded , distorted, improved , misunderstood. mythological tale in first of 4 branches of mabinogi, 1 involving annwvyn, not-world, or otherworld, tells of hunting expedition undertaken pwyll lord of dyved. sets hounds against of arawn, king of otherworld, , in attempt make amends, agrees exchange places king year , day in order battle king of otherworld, havgan, in year s time. arawn takes on form of pywll, pwyll takes on appearance of arawn, , after spending year in each other s lands, pwyll (who looks arawn) battle havgan, must struck once, since if struck repeatedly, return next day fit , ever was.
Comments
Post a Comment