ernst niekisch s widerstand journal featuring original national bolshevik eagle symbol.
national bolshevism term first used describe current in communist party of germany (kpd) , communist workers party of germany (kapd) wanted ally insurgent communist movement dissident nationalist groups in german army rejected treaty of versailles. led heinrich laufenberg , fritz wolffheim, based in hamburg. expulsion kapd 1 of conditions karl radek explained necessary if kapd welcomed third congress of third international. demand withdraw kapd have happened anyway. radek had dismissed pair national bolsheviks , first recorded use of term in german context.
radek subsequently courted of radical nationalists had met in prison unite bolsheviks in name of national bolshevism. saw in revival of national bolshevism way remove capitalist isolation of soviet union.
during 1920s, number of german intellectuals began dialogue created synthesis between radical nationalism (typically referencing prussianism) , bolshevism existed in soviet union. main figure in ernst niekisch of old social democratic party of germany, edited widerstand journal.
a national bolshevik tendency existed german youth movement, led karl otto paetel. paetel had been supporter of nazi party became disillusioned them did not feel committed revolutionary activity or socialist economics. 1930-formed movement, group of social revolutionary nationalists, sought forge third way between nazis , communists, emphasising both nationalism , socialist economics. active in largely unsuccessful attempt win section of hitler youth on cause.
although members of national socialist german workers party under adolf hitler did not take part in niekisch s national bolshevik project , presented bolshevism in exclusively negative terms jewish conspiracy , in 1930s there parallel tendency within nsdap advocated similar views. represented has come known strasserism. group led hermann ehrhardt, otto strasser , walther stennes broke away in 1930 found combat league of revolutionary national socialists (commonly known black front).
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