in biblical studies, pseudepigrapha refers particularly works purport written noted authorities in either old , new testaments or persons involved in jewish or christian religious study or history. these works can written biblical matters, in such way appear authoritative works have been included in many versions of judeo-christian scriptures. eusebius indicates usage dates @ least serapion of antioch, whom eusebius records having said: writings falsely inscribed name (ta pseudepigrapha), experienced persons reject....
many such works referred apocrypha, connoted secret writings , rejected liturgical public reading. example of text both apocryphal , pseudepigraphical odes of solomon. considered pseudepigraphical because not written solomon instead collection of christian (first second century) hymns , poems, written not in hebrew, , apocryphal because not accepted in either tanakh or new testament.
protestants have applied word apocrypha texts found in catholic , eastern orthodox scriptures not found in hebrew manuscripts. catholics call deuterocanonical books . accordingly, there arose in protestant biblical scholarship extended use of term pseudepigrapha works appeared though ought part of biblical canon, because of authorship ascribed them, stood outside both biblical canons recognized protestants , catholics. these works outside particular set of books roman catholics called deuterocanonical , protestants had applied term apocryphal. accordingly, term pseudepigraphical, used among both protestants , roman catholics (allegedly clarity brings discussion), may make difficult discuss questions of pseudepigraphical authorship of canonical books dispassionately lay audience. confuse matter more, eastern orthodox christians accept books canonical roman catholics , protestant denominations consider pseudepigraphical or @ best of less authority. there exist churches reject of books roman catholics, orthodox , protestants accept. same true of jewish religious movements. many works apocryphal otherwise considered genuine.
there tendency not use word pseudepigrapha when describing works later 300 ad when referring biblical matters. late-appearing gospel of barnabas, apocalypse of pseudo-methodius, pseudo-apuleius (author of fifth-century herbal ascribed apuleius), , author traditionally referred pseudo-dionysius areopagite , classic examples of pseudepigraphy. in fifth century moralist salvian published contra avaritiam ( against avarice ) under name of timothy; letter in explained former pupil, bishop salonius, motives doing survives. there category of modern pseudepigrapha.
examples of books labeled old testament pseudepigrapha protestant point of view book of enoch, book of jubilees (both of canonical in orthodox tewahedo christianity , beta israel branch of judaism); life of adam , eve , pseudo-philo .
the term pseudepigrapha commonly used describe numerous works of jewish religious literature written 300 bc 300 ad. not of these works pseudepigraphical. refers books of new testament canon authorship misrepresented. such works include following:
3 maccabees
4 maccabees
assumption of moses
ethiopic book of enoch (1 enoch)
slavonic second book of enoch
book of jubilees
3 baruch
letter of aristeas
life of adam , eve
ascension of isaiah
psalms of solomon
sibylline oracles
2 baruch
testaments of twelve patriarchs
^ eusebius, historia ecclesiae 6,12.
^ charlesworth, james. odes of solomon
^ cite error: named reference harris invoked never defined (see page).
^ salvian, epistle, ix.
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