artist s impression of copper age walled city, los millares, iberia
in old world archaeology, chalcolithic , eneolithic or copper age refers transitional period copper metallurgy appeared alongside widespread use of stone tools. during period, weapons , tools made of copper. period still largely neolithic in character. phase of bronze age before discovered adding tin copper formed harder bronze. copper age defined transition between neolithic , bronze age. however, because characterized use of metals, copper age considered part of bronze age rather stone age.
chalcolithic copper mine in timna valley, negev desert, israel
an archaeological site in serbia contains oldest securely dated evidence of copper making @ high temperature, 7,500 years ago. find in june 2010 extends known record of copper smelting 800 years, , suggests copper smelting may have been invented in separate parts of asia , europe @ time rather spreading single source. emergence of metallurgy may have occurred first in fertile crescent, gave rise bronze age in 4th millennium bc (the traditional view), though finds vinča culture in europe have been securely dated earlier of fertile crescent. timna valley contains evidence of copper mining 9,000 7,000 years ago. process of transition neolithic chalcolithic in middle east characterized in archaeological stone tool assemblages decline in high quality raw material procurement , use. north africa , nile valley imported iron technology near east , followed near eastern course of bronze age , iron age development. iron age , bronze age occurred simultaneously in of africa.
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