duke bolesław of poland given replica of holy lance in 1000 following congress of gniezno.
in 996, duke bolesław of poland sent longtime bishop of prague, adalbert, christianize prussian people. martyred prussians efforts in 997. bolesław i, had bought adalbert s body prussians weight in gold, had adalbert laid rest in gniezno cathedral, became ecclesiastical center of poland. otto iii , bolesław worked canonize adalbert, making him first slavic bishop become saint. in december 999, otto iii left italy make pilgrimage rome gniezno in poland pray @ grave of adalbert.
otto iii s pilgrimage allowed emperor extend influence of christianity in eastern europe , strengthen relations poland , hungary naming them federati ( allies ). on pilgrimage gniezno, emperor received bolesław @ polish border on bobr river near małomice. between 7 , 15 march 1000, otto iii invested bolesław titles frater et cooperator imperii ( brother , partner of empire ) , populi romani amicus et socius ( friend , ally of rome ). otto iii gave bolesław replica of holy lance (part of imperial regalia) , bolesław presented emperor relic, arm of saint adalbert in exchange.
on same foreign visit, otto iii raised gniezno rank of archbishopric , installed radzim gaudenty, brother of saint adalbert, first archbishop. otto iii established 3 new subordinate dioceses under archbishop of gniezno: bishopric of kraków (assigned bishop poppo), bishopric of wrocław (assigned bishop jan), , bishopric of kołobrzeg in pomerania (assigned bishop reinbern).
bolesław subsequently accompanied otto iii on way germany. both proceeded grave of charlemagne @ aachen cathedral, bolesław received charlemagne s throne gift. both arranged betrothal of bolesław s son mieszko ii lambert emperor s niece richeza of lotharingia.
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