a high strength glass-ceramic cooktop negligible thermal expansion.
glass-ceramic materials share many properties both non-crystalline glasses , crystalline ceramics. formed glass, , partially crystallized heat treatment, producing both amorphous , crystalline phases crystalline grains embedded within non-crystalline intergranular phase.
glass-ceramics used make cookware (originally known brand name corningware) , stovetops have both high resistance thermal shock , extremely low permeability liquids. negative coefficient of thermal expansion of crystalline ceramic phase can balanced positive coefficient of glassy phase. @ point (~70% crystalline) glass-ceramic has net coefficient of thermal expansion close zero. type of glass-ceramic exhibits excellent mechanical properties , can sustain repeated , quick temperature changes 1000 °c.
glass ceramics may occur naturally when lightning strikes crystalline (e.g. quartz) grains found in beach sand. in case, extreme , immediate heat of lightning (~2500 °c) creates hollow, branching rootlike structures called fulgurite via fusion.
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