19th_century Hospital

a ward of hospital @ scutari florence nightingale worked , helped restructure modern hospital

english physician thomas percival (1740–1804) wrote comprehensive system of medical conduct, medical ethics, or code of institutes , precepts, adapted professional conduct of physicians , surgeons (1803) set standard many textbooks. in mid-19th century, hospitals , medical profession became more professionalised, reorganisation of hospital management along more bureaucratic , administrative lines. apothecaries act 1815 made compulsory medical students practise @ least half year @ hospital part of training.

florence nightingale pioneered modern profession of nursing during crimean war when set example of compassion, commitment patient care , diligent , thoughtful hospital administration. first official nurses training programme, nightingale school nurses, opened in 1860, mission of training nurses work in hospitals, work poor , teach. nightingale instrumental in reforming nature of hospital, improving sanitation standards , changing image of hospital place sick go die, institution devoted recuperation , healing. emphasised importance of statistical measurement determining success rate of given intervention , pushed administrative reform @ hospitals.

by late 19th century, modern hospital beginning take shape proliferation of variety of public , private hospital systems. 1870s, hospitals had more trebled original average intake of 3,000 patients. in continental europe new hospitals built , run public funds. national health service, principal provider of health care in united kingdom, founded in 1948. during nineteenth century, second viennese medical school emerged contributions of physicians such carl freiherr von rokitansky, josef Škoda, ferdinand ritter von hebra, , ignaz philipp semmelweis. basic medical science expanded , specialisation advanced. furthermore, first dermatology, eye, ear, nose, , throat clinics in world founded in vienna, being considered birth of specialised medicine.