Transportation Mexico_City

1 transportation

1.1 public transportation

1.1.1 metro
1.1.2 suburban rail
1.1.3 peseros
1.1.4 mid-size buses
1.1.5 full-sized buses
1.1.6 bus rapid transit
1.1.7 trolleybus, light rail, streetcars


1.2 roads , car transport

1.2.1 parking


1.3 cycling
1.4 intercity buses
1.5 airports

transportation
public transportation

mexico city metro

mexico city has many modes of public transportation, metro (subway) system, suburban rail, light rail, regular buses, brt (bus rapid transit), pesero minibuses, , trolleybuses, bike share.

metro

mexico city served sistema de transporte colectivo, 225.9 km (140 mi) metro system, largest in latin america. first portions opened in 1969 , has expanded 12 lines 195 stations. metro transports 4.4 million people every day. 8th busiest metro system in world, behind tokyo (10.0 million), beijing (9.3 million), shanghai (7.8 million), seoul (7.3 million), moscow (6.7 million), guangzhou (6.2 million), , new york city (4.9 million). heavily subsidized, , has of lowest fares in world, each trip costing 5.00 pesos (roughly 0.27 usd) 05:00 am midnight. several stations display pre-columbian artifacts , architecture discovered during metro s construction. however, metro covers less half of total urban area. metro stations differentiated use of icons , glyphs created illiterate, unique system has become iconic characteristic of mexico city. each icon developed based on historical (characters, sites, pre-hispanic motifs), linguistic, symbolic (glyphs) or geographic references. complementary system of icons used metrobús (brt) stops.

suburban rail

a suburban rail system, tren suburbano serves metropolitan area, beyond reach of metro, 1 line serving municipalities such tlalnepantla , cuautitlán izcalli, future lines planned serve e.g. chalco , la paz.

peseros

a pesero or microbús

peseros typically half-length passenger buses (known microbús) sit 22 passengers , stand 28. of 2007, approximately 28,000 peseros carried 60 percent of city s passengers. in august 2016, mayor mancera announced new pesero vehicle , concessions eliminated unless ecologically friendly vehicles, , in october 2011 city s secretary of mobility héctor serrano states end of current administration (2018) there no longer peseros/microbuses circulating @ all, , new full-sized buses take on routes.

mid-size buses

in 2014, city launched so-called bus rapid service , mid-sized mercedes-benz boxer buses carrying 75-85 passengers painted purple-on-white, replacing peseros on groups of routes. operation concession private firms (sausa, cotobusa, trepsa) instead of individual vehicle operators.

full-sized buses

city agency m1, formerly red de transporte de pasajeros (rtp), operates various networks of large buses including regular, ecobús, circuito bicentenario, atenea, express, school , night routes. in 2016, more bus routes added replace pesero routes.

in 2016, svbus express bus service launched, limited stops , utilizing city s toll roads on second-level of periférico ring road , supervía poniente , connecting toreo/cuatro caminos santa fe, san jerónimo lídice , tepepan near xochimilco in southeast.

suburban buses leave city s main intercity bus stations.

bus rapid transit

metrobús rapid transit bus stop station @ indios verdes

the city s first bus rapid transit line, metrobús, began operation in june 2005, along avenida insurgentes. more , more lines opened , of mid-2017 there 6 routes 7th planned along paseo de la reforma connect santa fe city center , points north. each line opened, pesero minibuses removed each route, in order reduce pollution , commute times. of mid-2017, there 568 metrobús buses. in late 2016 transported average of 1.1 million passengers daily.

mexibús provides 3 bus rapid transit lines connecting metro ciudad azteca , metro pantitlán cuautitlán, ecatepec , other suburban areas in state of mexico.

trolleybus, light rail, streetcars

an ste trolleybus using transit-only contraflow lane on eje central

electric transport other metro exists, in form of several mexico city trolleybus routes , xochimilco light rail line, both of operated servicio de transportes eléctricos. central area s last streetcar line (tramway, or tranvía) closed in 1979.

roads , car transport

view of anillo periférico , paseo de la reforma near chapultepec

in late 1970s many arterial roads redesigned ejes viales; high-volume one-way roads cross, in theory, mexico city proper side side. eje vial network based on quasi-cartesian grid, ejes being called eje 1 poniente, eje central, , eje 1 oriente, example, north-south roads, , eje 2 sur , eje 3 norte, example, east-west roads. ring roads circuito interior (inner ring), anillo periférico; circuito exterior mexiquense ( state of mexico outer loop ) toll road skirting northeastern , eastern edges of metropolitan area, chamapa-la venta toll road skirting northwestern edge, , arco norte bypassing metropolitan area in arc northwest (atlacomulco) north (tula, hidalgo) east (puebla). second level (where tolls charged) of periférico, colloquially called segundo piso ( second floor ), officially opened in 2012, sections still being completed. viaducto miguel alemán crosses city east-west observatorio airport. in 2013 supervía poniente opened, toll road linking new santa fe business district southwestern mexico city.

there environmental program, called hoy no circula ( today not run , or 1 day without car ), whereby vehicles have not passed emissions testing restricted circulating on days according ending digit of license plates; in attempt cut down on pollution , traffic congestion. while in 2003, program still restricted 40% of vehicles in metropolitan area, adoption of stricter emissions standards in 2001 , 2006, in practice, these days vehicles exempt circulation restrictions long pass regular emissions tests.

parking

street parking in urban neighborhoods controlled franeleros a.k.a. viene vienes (lit. come on, come on ), ask drivers fee park, in theory guard car, implicit threat franelero damage car if fee not paid. double parking common (with franeleros moving cars required), impeding on available lanes traffic pass. in order mitigate , other problems , raise revenue, 721 parking meters (as of october 2013), have been installed in west-central neighborhoods lomas de chapultepec, condesa, roma, polanco , anzures, in operation 8 8 pm on weekdays , charging rate of 2 pesos per 15 minutes, offenders cars booted, costing 500 pesos remove. 30 percent of monthly 16 million-peso (as of october 2013) income parking-meter system (named ecoparq ) earmarked neighborhood improvements. granting of license zones exclusively new company without experience in operating parking meters, operadora de estacionamientos bicentenario, has generated controversy.

cycling


bicycles available rental in zona rosa

the local government continuously strives reduction of massive traffic congestion, , has increased incentives making bicycle-friendly city. includes north america s second-largest bicycle sharing system, ecobici, launched in 2010, in registered residents can bicycles 45 minutes pre-paid subscription of 300 pesos year. there are, of september 2013, 276 stations 4,000 bicycles across area stretching historic center polanco. within 300 metres (980 feet) of 1 , automatic using transponder based card. bicycle-service users have access several permanent ciclovías (dedicated bike paths/lanes/streets), including ones along paseo de la reforma , avenida chapultepec 1 running 59 kilometres (37 miles) polanco fierro del toro, located south of cumbres del ajusco national park, near morelos state line. city s initiative inspired forward thinking examples, such denmark s copenhagenization.

intercity buses

the city has 4 major bus stations (north, south, observatorio, tapo), comprise 1 of world s largest transportation agglomerations, bus service many cities across country , international connections. there intercity buses leave directly mexico city international airport.

airports

terminal 2 of mexico city airport

mexico city served mexico city international airport (iata airport code: mex). airport latin america s busiest, daily flights united states , canada, mexico, central america , caribbean, south america, europe , asia. aeroméxico (skyteam) based @ airport, , provide codeshare agreements non-mexican airlines span entire globe. airport hub volaris, interjet , aeromar.

in 2016, airport handled 42 million passengers, 3.3 million more year before. traffic exceeds current capacity of airport, has historically centralized majority of air traffic in country. alternate option lic. adolfo lópez mateos international airport (iata airport code: tlc) in nearby toluca, state of mexico, although due several airlines decisions terminate service tlc, airport has seen passenger drop on 700,000 passengers in 2014 on 2.1 million passengers 4 years prior.

in mexico city airport, government engaged in extensive restructuring program includes addition of new second terminal, began operations in 2007, , enlargement of 4 other airports (at nearby cities of toluca, querétaro, puebla , cuernavaca) that, along mexico city s airport, comprise grupo aeroportuario del valle de méxico, distributing traffic different regions in mexico. city of pachuca provide additional expansion central mexico s airport network.

during annual state-of-the-nation address on september 2, 2014, president of mexico enrique peña nieto unveiled plans new international airport ease city s notorious air traffic congestion, tentatively slated 2018 opening. new airport, have 6 runways, cost $9.15 billion , built on vacant federal land east of mexico city international airport. goals handle 120 million passengers year, make busiest airport in world.