mexico city s legislative assembly building
the acta constitutiva de la federación of january 31, 1824, , federal constitution of october 4, 1824, fixed political , administrative organization of united mexican states after mexican war of independence. in addition, section xxviii of article 50 gave new congress right choose federal government located. location appropriated federal land, federal government acting local authority. 2 main candidates become capital mexico city , querétaro.
due in large part persuasion of representative servando teresa de mier, mexico city chosen because center of country s population , history, though querétaro closer center geographically. choice official on november 18, 1824, , congress delineated surface area of 2 leagues square (8,800 acres) centered on zocalo. area separated state of mexico, forcing state s government move palace of inquisition (now museum of mexican medicine) in city texcoco. area did not include population centers of towns of coyoacán, xochimilco, mexicaltzingo , tlalpan, of remained part of state of mexico.
in 1854 president antonio lópez de santa anna enlarged area of federal district eightfold original 220 1,700 km (80 660 sq mi), annexing rural , mountainous areas secure strategic mountain passes south , southwest protect city in event of foreign invasion. (the mexican–american war had been fought.) last changes limits of federal district made between 1898 , 1902, reducing area current 1,479 km (571 sq mi) adjusting southern border state of morelos. time, total number of municipalities within federal district twenty-two.
while federal district ruled federal government through appointed governor, municipalities within autonomous, , duality of powers created tension between municipalities , federal government more century. in 1903, porfirio díaz largely reduced powers of municipalities within federal district. eventually, in december 1928, federal government decided abolish municipalities of federal district. in place of municipalities, federal district divided 1 central department , 13 delegaciones (boroughs) administered directly government of federal district. central department integrated former municipalities of mexico city, tacuba, tacubaya , mixcoac.
in 1941, general anaya borough merged central department, renamed mexico city (thus reviving name, not autonomous municipality). 1941 1970, federal district comprised twelve delegaciones , mexico city. in 1970 mexico city split 4 different delegaciones: cuauhtémoc, miguel hidalgo, venustiano carranza , benito juárez, increasing number of delegaciones sixteen. since then, in de facto manner, whole federal district, delegaciones had formed single urban area, began considered synonym of mexico city.
the lack of de jure stipulation left legal vacuum led number of sterile discussions whether 1 concept had engulfed other or if latter had ceased exist altogether. in 1993 situation solved amendment 44th article of constitution whereby mexico city , federal district set same entity. amendment later introduced second article of statute of government of federal district.
on january 29, 2016, mexico city ceased called federal district (spanish: distrito federal or d.f.). former distrito federal officially known ciudad de méxico (or cdmx ). mexico city in transition become country s 32nd federal entity, giving level of autonomy comparable of state. because of clause in mexican constitution, however, seat of powers of federation, can never become state, unless capital of country relocated elsewhere.
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