view of askleipion of kos, best preserved instance of asklepieion.
the earliest documented institutions aiming provide cures ancient egyptian temples. in ancient greece, temples dedicated healer-god asclepius, known asclepieia functioned centres of medical advice, prognosis, , healing. asclepeia provided controlled spaces conducive healing , fulfilled several of requirements of institutions created healing. under roman name Æsculapius, provided temple (291 b.c.) on island in tiber in rome, similar rites performed.
institutions created care ill appeared in india. fa xian, chinese buddhist monk travelled across india ca. a.d. 400, recorded in travelogue that: heads of vaisya [merchant] families in them [all kingdoms of north india] establish in cities houses dispensing charity , medicine. poor , destitute in country, orphans, widowers, , childless men, maimed people , cripples, , diseased, go houses, , provided every kind of help, , doctors examine diseases. food , medicines cases require, , made feel @ ease; , when better, go away of themselves.
the earliest surviving encyclopaedia of medicine in sanskrit charakasamhita (compendium of charaka). text, describes building of hospital dated dominik wujastyk of university college london period between 100 b.c. , a.d. 150. according dr. wujastyk, description fa xian 1 of earliest accounts of civic hospital system anywhere in world and, coupled caraka s description of how clinic should equipped, suggests india may have been first part of world have evolved organised cosmopolitan system of institutionally-based medical provision.
according mahavamsa, ancient chronicle of sinhalese royalty, written in sixth century a.d., king pandukabhaya of sri lanka (reigned 437 b.c. 367 b.c.) had lying-in-homes , hospitals (sivikasotthi-sala) built in various parts of country. earliest documentary evidence have of institutions dedicated care of sick anywhere in world. mihintale hospital oldest in world. ruins of ancient hospitals in sri lanka still in existence in mihintale, anuradhapura, , medirigiriya.
the romans constructed buildings called valetudinaria care of sick slaves, gladiators, , soldiers around 100 b.c., , many identified later archaeology. while existence considered proven, there doubt whether widespread once thought, many identified according layout of building remains, , not means of surviving records or finds of medical tools.
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