status: active
the geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle, known abbreviation gslv, expendable launch system developed enable india launch insat-type satellites geostationary orbit , make india less dependent on foreign rockets. @ present, isro s second-heaviest satellite launch vehicle , capable of putting total payload of 5 tons low earth orbit. vehicle built india, cryogenic engine purchased russia, while isro developed own cryogenic engine.
the first version of gslv (gslv mk.i), using russian cryogenic stage, became operational in 2004, after unsuccessful first launch in 2001 , second, successful development launch in 2003.
the first attempt launch gslv mk.ii indian built cryogenic engine, gslv-f06 carrying gsat-5p, failed on 25 december 2010. initial evaluation implies loss of control strap-on boosters caused rocket veer intended flight path, forcing programmed detonation. sixty-four seconds first stage of flight, rocket began break due acute angle of attack. body housing 3rd stage, cryogenic stage, incurred structural damage, forcing range safety team initiate programmed detonation of rocket.
on 5 january 2014, gslv-d5 launched gsat-14 intended orbit. marked first successful flight using indigenous cryogenic engine (ce-7.5), making india sixth country in world have technology.
again on 27 august 2015, gslv-d6 launched gsat-6 transfer orbit. isro used indigenously developed cryogenic upper stage (cus) third time on board in gslv flight.
on 8 september 2016, gslv-f05 launched insat-3dr, advanced weather satellite, weighing 2211 kg geostationary transfer orbit (gto). gslv designed inject 2 – 2.5 tonne class of satellites gto. launch took place second launch pad @ satish dhawan space centre shar (sdsc shar), sriharikota. gslv-f05 flight significant since first operational flight of gslv carrying cryogenic upper stage (cus). indigenously developed cus carried on board fourth time during gslv flight in gslv-f05 flight. gslv-f05 vehicle configured 3 stages including cus similar ones flown during previous gslv-d5 , d6 missions in january 2014 , august 2015.
decade-wise summary of gslv launches:
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