1 prince of galilee
1.1 baldwin s baron
1.2 fulk s supporter
1.3 william ii
prince of galilee
baldwin s baron
ruins of crusaders castle @ tiberias, seat of principality of galilee
the crusader states in 1135
baldwin ii of jerusalem gave county of edessa joscelin in august or september 1119. before 15 january 1120, king granted joscelin s former principality william, seized 1 of largest fiefs in kingdom. william 1 of 4 or 5 secular lords attend council of nablus on 16 january 1120. council confirmed right of clergy control collection of tithes , ordered persecution of sexual misdemeneanours. william donated estates in lajjun , near tiberias hospital of abbey of st. mary of valley of jehosaphat on 1 february 1121.
balak ibn bahram, artuqid ruler of suruç , mardin, captured baldwin ii on 18 april 1123. latin patriarch of jerusalem, warmund of picquigny, convoked assembly elected eustace grenier constable , bailiff administer kingdom, grenier died on 15 may or june. council again assembled , appointed william both offices. meanwhile, venetian fleet had landed @ holy land, carrying 15,000 soldiers. patriarch, william , pagan, chancellor of jerusalem, concluded treaty doge of venice, domenico michiel on behalf of king. in accordance baldwin s previous promises venetians, treaty—the so-called pactum warmundi—granted privileges them in both kingdom of jerusalem , principality of antioch in exchange assistance besiege either tyre or ascalon. barons of realm not decide town should attacked, debate settled lot in favor of tyre.
the crusaders , venetians laid siege tyre on 16 february 1124. patriarch warmund acknowledged supreme commander of army. defenders of town urged toghtekin, atabeg of damascus, attack crusaders, marched far banyas. patriarch appointed william , pons, count of tripoli, launch military expedition against toghtekin, avoided engagements , returned damascus. crusaders captured tyre on 7 or 8 july.
baldwin ii won freedom in late august 1124, returned jerusalem on 3 april 1125. had not fathered son , decided give eldest daughter, melisende, in marriage influential european ruler. after consulting barons, chose fulk v of anjou. appointed william , guy brisbarre lead embassy anjou , start negotiations fulk. william authorized pledge fulk marry melisende in fifty days after came holy land , marriage secure right succeed baldwin on throne.
the embassy departed in autumn of 1127. fulk accepted offer , took cross in token of decision go holy land @ le mans on 31 may 1128. william , brisbarre accompanied fulk france kingdom of jerusalem in spring of 1129. landed @ acre in may. fulk married melisende before 2 june. in same year, william donated village of st job (at present-day dayr ayyub) abbey of st. mary of valley of jehosaphat, secured right of nephew, william (who had become monk) revenues leasing out of estate.
fulk s supporter
baldwin ii died on 21 august 1131. in accordance last will, fulk , melisende jointly crowned on 14 september, fulk wanted secure government himself , reduce wife background. replaced castellans of royal castles own retainers anjou , marginalized baldwin ii s barons. in contrast them, william retained office of constable during fulk s reign. witnessed fulk s 3 authentic charters first of secular barons. king confirmed willim s donation canons of church of holy sepulchre in 1132. william accompanied fulk during unsuccessful campaign against imad ad-din zengi, atabeg of mosul, had laid siege montferrand (at present-day baarin in syria) in july 1137.
most historians agree william died between september 1143 , april or may 1144. base view on memorandum guy, abbot of st. mary of valley of jehosaphat, compiled in spring of 1146. abbot complained robert i, archbishop of nazareth, had cunningly installed chaplain in abbey s church @ lajjun after news of pope innocent ii s death reached holy land (most in spring of 1144). archbishop instructed chaplain mass william s soul. mayer emphasizes memorandom not prove william dead, because document not refer death , mass said benefit of living person.
william ii
according widespread scholarly theory, 2 rulers of galilee named william. however, william of tyre mentioned 1 william when listing princes of galilee in chronicle. likewise, walter of saint omer, prince of galilee 1159 1174, regarded unnecessary clarify of 2 assumed williams had made grant holy sepulchre in 1132 when confirming william s donation. on other hand, willelmus tiberiadis (or william of tiberias) witnessed charter constance of antioch issued @ latakia in 1151. principality of galilee known lordship of tiberias around time.
taking account these documents, mayer concludes there 1 prince william of galilee , william ii identical william i. proposes melisende forced william leave kingdom of jerusalem shortly after fulk died in november 1143. according mayer, melisende, ruled kingdom years after husband s death, gave galilee elinand (whom mayer supposes have been related former prince, hugh of fauquembergues). william, mayer continues, regained galilee in 1153, shortly after fulk , melisende s son, baldwin iii of jerusalem, started rule independently of mother. william last mentioned in charter issued on 4 october 1157.
Comments
Post a Comment