1 biography
1.1 in late qing dynasty
1.2 in years of republic of china
1.3 in reformed government , wang jingwei regime
biography
in late qing dynasty
he entered government central school, hong kong (中央書院), , sun yat-sen schoolmate. member of furen literary society advocated revolution against qing dynasty. in 1895 wen joined revive china society founded sun. in 1897 studied @ imperial tientsin university (天津北洋大學堂), after graduating, became english teacher of queen s college(皇仁書院, reformed government central school). later became secretary feng keyi (馮克伊) engaged in work negotiating united kingdom.
in july 1900 wen tsung-yao participated in independence army uprising (自立軍) organized pr-reform leader tang caichang (唐才常), , wen appointed representative foreign affairs shanghai. in next month, tang failed rise in rebellion against qing dynasty , executed. wen escaped southern china , got positions under viceroy of liangguang (兩廣總督). 1903 1908, successively held positions of chief of foreign affairs bureau of liangguang (兩廣洋務局局長), director telephone administration of guangdong, director military cadets academy of guangdong (廣東將辦學堂), etc. in 1904 sent india deputy envoy negotiate british government on question of british trade in tibet (英藏訂約副大臣) , member of tang shaoyi s party. in same august wen returned china, , became secretary foreign affairs viceroy of liangguang cen chunxuan.
in 1908 wen tsung-yao appointed deputy president reside in tibet (駐藏參贊大臣) representative of qing dynasty. on time, united kingdom s influence dalai lama xiii strengthened. wen wanted recover qing s influence, , insisted qing s troops station @ tibet dalai lama xiii. dalai lama xiii had protested against qing s troops entered tibet, fled india, , qing declared dethroning him. later wen returned peking, appointed councillor of foreign office.
in years of republic of china
in october 1911 xinhai revolution broke out, wen tsung-yao, wu tingfang , zhang jian declared support republicanism. after republic of china established in 1912, wen participated in movement political parties. in august 1912 participated in song jiaoren s kuomintang appointed councilor. in december 1915 national protection war broke out, wen joined national protection army against yuan shikai. in may 1916 military bureau(軍務院) established, wen appointed deputy diplomatic envoy.
in september 1917 sun yat-sen started constitutional protection movement, , established canton militarist government. wen participated in it, supported cen chunxuan in opposition sun. in may 1918 sun lost leadership in government, when governmental system transformed 7-president system. cen got position of chief of presidents, disappointed sun resigned president. in april 1920 wen appointed minister foreign affairs cen, , in may, got position of president. in november, cen defeated sun , chen jiongming s troops, wen retired , hid in shanghai on 10 years.
in reformed government , wang jingwei regime
wen tsung-yao (around 1940)
in february 1938 wen tsung-yao contacted japanese invading china, , started organize puppet government japan liang hongzhi. in next month, established reformed government of republic of china in nanking, wen appointed chief of legislative yuan (立法院院長). in march 1940 wang jingwei regime established, wen appointed chief of judicial yuan (司法院院長), , successively held many important positions.
after japan unconditionally surrendered , wang jingwei regime collapsed, wen tsung-yao arrested nationalist government in shanghai on september 27, 1945. on july 8, sentenced life imprisonment on charge of treason (hanjian).
wen tsung-yao died in prison in nanking on november 30, 1947.
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