vikram sarabhai, first chairman of incospar, later called isro
modern space research in india visibly traced 1920s, when scientist s. k. mitra conducted series of experiments leading sounding of ionosphere application of ground based radio methods in calcutta. later, indian scientists c.v. raman , meghnad saha contributed scientific principles applicable in space sciences. however, period after 1945 saw important developments being made in coordinated space research in india. organised space research in india spearheaded 2 scientists: vikram sarabhai—founder of physical research laboratory @ ahmedabad—and homi bhabha, established tata institute of fundamental research in 1945. initial experiments in space sciences included study of cosmic radiation, high altitude , airborne testing of instruments, deep underground experimentation @ kolar mines—one of deepest mining sites in world – , studies of upper atmosphere. studies carried out @ research laboratories, universities, , independent locations.
in 1950, department of atomic energy founded homi bhabha secretary. department provided funding space research throughout india. during time, tests continued on aspects of meteorology , earth s magnetic field, topic being studied in india since establishment of observatory @ colaba in 1823. in 1954, uttar pradesh state observatory established @ foothills of himalayas. rangpur observatory set in 1957 @ osmania university, hyderabad. space research further encouraged technically inclined prime minister of india, jawaharlal nehru. in 1957, soviet union launched sputnik , opened possibilities rest of world conduct space launch.
the indian national committee space research (incospar) set in 1962 jawaharlal nehru, india s first prime minister.
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