1 history
1.1 background
1.2 split pdl
1.3 road new party
1.4 new party, new splits
1.5 dissolution
history
background
somewhat surprisingly, gianfranco fini, former leader of national-conservative national alliance (an) , president of chamber of deputies, became influential representative of socially liberal wing of party due progressive views on stem cell research, end of life issues, advance health care directives , immigration. fini outspoken supporter of principle of separation of church , state , became vocal critic of silvio berlusconi , of leadership style of country , party.
fini s positions distanced him former leading members of (including ignazio la russa, maurizio gasparri, gianni alemanno, altero matteoli , giorgia meloni) became close allies of berlusconi instead.
in meantime, group of fini loyalists, known finiani, started join forces in support of leader. in april 2010 italo bocchino launched association within pdl named generation italy in order better represent fini s views within party , push different party organisation. fini posed sort of ultimatum berlusconi , hinted formation of separate groups pdl in parliament. @ 1 point finiani proposed formation of new party outside pdl. after tense days emerged possibility fini , group have remained in party minority faction. on 22 april 2010 national committee of pdl convened in rome first time in year. conflict between fini , berlusconi covered live television. resolution denounced fini s conduct , reaffirmed party s political line approved landslide margin assembly.
split pdl
gianfranco fini
clashes between fini , berlusconi became more frequent , reached heights in late july 2010, when fini questioned morality of pdl party bigwigs under investigation. on 29 july 2010 executive of pdl released document (voted 33 members out of 37) in fini described incompatible political line of pdl , unable perform job of president of chamber of deputies in neutral way. berlusconi asked fini step down post , executive proposed suspension party membership of 3 finiani hard-liners (italo bocchino, fabio granata , carmelo briguglio) had harshly criticised berlusconi , accused party members of criminal offences.
on 30 july, fini held press conference during announced formation of separate groups pdl both in chamber , senate under name future , freedom (fli). confirmed support of group, counted handful of cabinet members, berlusconi s government. 33 deputies , 10 senators joined new parliamentary groups beginning. minority of pdl mps originating national alliance followed former leader fini new party, enough hold balance in chamber of deputies moreover, members of former forza italia, berlusconi s party before merger pdl, joined (benedetto della vedova , barbara contini).
on 5 july, chamber voted on suspension of giacomo caliendo, pdl senator under investigation, post of under-secretary of justice. fli group chose abstain vote along union of centre, alliance italy , movement autonomies, forming so-called area of responsibility . motion voted down, blow berlusconi iv cabinet, retained majority through fli s support.
during vote on caliendo, chiara moroni, social democrat formerly of new italian socialist party , forza italia, announced leaving pdl group in order join fini s outfit. in touching speech dedicated father sergio moroni, socialist committed suicide during tangentopoli, explained leaving pdl in name of garantismo (an italian word protection of civil liberties used in relation right fair trial). vehemently criticised senior former socialists in pdl such fabrizio cicchitto , margherita boniver.
on 5 september, after month of silence, fini gave speech supporters during festa tricolore in mirabello, traditional rally of old msi and, later, of an. during speech fini declared pdl dead , group not have returned pdl s fold, did not speak transformation of fli official party. moreover, despite being critical of berlusconi, offered legislative pact in order government continue until 2013. response, berlusconi , junior partner in government umberto bossi reiterated call fini resign post of president of chamber. subsequently, on 8 september, fini left pdl group in chamber , joined intents , purposes fli, becoming 36th member.
road new party
on 22 september fli abstained during secret confidence vote on nicola cosentino, under-secretary of economy under investigation camorra-related crimes. motion rejected larger majority expected, meaning finiani , possibly deputies opposition.
on 24 september souad sbai left fli , returned fold of pdl parliamentary group. however, on same day, giampiero catone, former christian democrat had been elected pdl on behalf of gianfranco rotondi s christian democracy autonomies, joined fli.
on 29 september fli voted yes in vote of confidence government in chamber of deputies, 2 fli deputies (mirko tremaglia , fabio granata) voted against. on same day fini announced imminent birth of new party.
on 2 november party logo presented during press conference. day after 2 more deputies joined party: roberto rosso, former christian democrat had been leader of forza italia in piedmont, , daniele toto. in sicily party joined forces remnants of pdl–sicily , formed eight-strong group in regional assembly in support of president raffaele lombardo.
on 7 november, during crowded convention in bastia umbra, fini asked berlusconi step down post of prime minister , proposed new government including union of centre (udc). fini declared if berlusconi not step down, fli ministers , under-secretaries leave executive. berlusconi refused so, 4 fli members of government resigned on 15 november.
on 14 december fli voted against government in vote of confidence in chamber of deputies, vote won berlusconi 314 311. 3 fli deputies (giampiero catone, catia polidori , maria grazia siliquini) voted in favour (along giuseppe angeli, had left fli , returned pdl in november), while another, silvano moffa, abstained vote , chose leave party. subsequently, catone, polidori , siliquini left fli.
on 15 december 2010 fli founding member of new pole italy (npi), along udc , minor parties.
new party, new splits
italo bocchino
on 11–13 february 2011 fli officially established party during congress in milan , gianfranco fini elected president of it.
during congress, no-one questioned leadership of fini, party divided between radicals (italo bocchino, benedetto della vedova, fabio granata, carmelo briguglio, flavia perina, etc.) , moderates (adolfo urso, andrea ronchi, pasquale viespoli, mario baldassarri , senators), opposed rise of bocchino party leadership. fini appointed bocchino vice president, downgraded urso spokesperson, appointed radical , della vedova, @ head of party in chamber of deputies, while viespoli, moderate , confirmed leader in senate. caused outrage among moderates , , urso , viespoli critical of fini s choices.
on 15 february viespoli resigned position of senate floor leader, re-elected 10 fli senators new mandate: ensuring centre-right credentials of group. on 16 february senator giuseppe menardi quit party. on 17 february followed senator francesco pontone , deputy roberto rosso, both returned pdl. on 19 february deputy luca bellotti left re-join pdl. on 20 february turn of deputy luca barbareschi, formerly radical . on 22 february pasquale viespoli , maurizio saia, both senators, left party , senatorial group dissolved. viespoli, menardi , saia, along other like-minded senators adriana poli bortone (i south), formed new centre-right group called national cohesion , returned fold of majority. on 16 february 1 more deputy, giulia cosenza, walked out , returned pdl.
the party experienced more internal troubles in april 2011, in run-up local elections. leading members of party disagreed candidatures decided party s national leadership, notably in latina , naples. led mep enzo rivellini step down regional leadership in campania , leave party. mep, potito salatto, , 1 senator, candido de angelis, left leadership posts too. in meantine party s moderates , led urso , ronchi, launched own faction, fareitalia, open members of centre-right parties, pdl udc. in may ronchi resigned president of party s national assembly. in june ronchi, along urso , giuseppe scalia (sicilian leader of fli), left party.
on 30 december 2011 mirko tremaglia, veteran of italian social republic , historic figure in history of msi/an/fli, died.
dissolution
in 2013 general election, held in february 2013, party ran part of monti italy alliance udc , civic choice , obtained mere 0.4% of vote, returning no seats in chamber , 1 in senate, plus 2 elects italians abroad. subsequently, fini resigned party president. decided that, under leadership of roberto menia, fli reconnect other wings of former in order recompose italian right. result, party decided support gianni alemanno, former bigwig, mayor in run-off of rome municipal election.
in following months, several fli members left party. benedetto della vedova, aldo di biagio , maria ida germontani joined sc (della vedova appointed spokesperson), fabio granata , flavia perina joined green italy, carmelo briguglio re-joined alemanno in italy first, francesco divella launched protagonist apulia, potito salatto joined forces udc aiming @ forming joint party on european people s party s model, etc. remained of party started cooperate right, tricolour flame, south , other right-wing parties , people in order form new national alliance . in meantime, members of former had either returned pdl s fold or joined brothers of italy, party led giorgia meloni , ignazio la russa granted national alliance foundation of permission use s name , symbol in december 2013.
fli officially disbanded sometime between 2013 , 2014. fini, not member of chamber of deputies first time in thirty years , 1 of few incumbent presidents not returned parliament, continued political activity through association named freeright.
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