the tarrant tabor f1765 after crash
8 june
biplane bomber, cierva bcd3 (barcala-cierva-diaz), designed juan de la cierva, reminiscent of german gotha, powered trio of 220 hp hispano suiza engines, called el cangrejo (the crab), destroyed on test flight when stalls close ground. pilot, capt. julio rios argiieso (also reported angueso), shaken survives. project abandoned.
2 july
u.s. navy blimp c-8 explodes while landing @ camp holabird, maryland, injuring ~80 adults , children watching it. windows in homes mile away shattered blast.
15 july
royal navy north sea class airship n.s.11 burns on north sea off norfolk, england, killing twelve. in hours of 15 july on officially supposed mine-hunting patrol, seen fly beneath long greasy black cloud off cley next sea on norfolk coast , massive explosion heard shortly after. vivid glare lasted few minutes burning airship descended, , plunged sea after second explosion. there no survivors, , findings of official court of enquiry inconclusive, amongst other possibilities thought lightning strike may have caused explosion.
summer
sole flying prototype of curtiss 18-b two-bay biplane version of 18-t triplane trainer, usaas 40058, p-86 , crashes in flight trials @ mccook field, dayton, ohio. type not ordered production. 1 non-flying prototype delivered static testing.
1 august
top world war russian ace aleksandr kazakov (32 kills, 20 officially) killed in crash of sopwith camel. on 1 august 1918 kazakov became major in royal air force , appointed commanding officer in charge of aviation squadron of slavo-british allied legion made of camels. after british withdrawal russia left russian white army in desperate situation, kazakov died in aircraft crash during air show on date performed boost morale of russian anti-bolshevik troops. witnesses of incident thought kazakov committed suicide.
10 august
lts. harold g. peterson, pilot, , paul h. davis, observer-gunner, depart marfa field, in big bend area of texas, on routine sunday morning patrol of u.s.-mexican border, in curtiss jn-4d, 24146, based @ fort bliss, el paso, texas, mission patrol along rio grande lajitas bosque bonito , land @ fort bliss. coming mouth of rio conchos @ ojinaga, chihuahua (opposite presidio, texas), mistook conchos rio grande , followed many miles mexico before being forced down engine trouble. thinking still on rio grande, airmen picked spot on american side of river land. terrain rough , plane wrecked. having buried machine-guns , ammunition keep out of hands of bandits, peterson , davis started walking down river, thinking come u.s. cavalry outpost @ candelaria, texas. assumed when fail arrive @ fort bliss have either returned marfa or had been forced down. search begun on 11 august far south chihuahua city, flyers, caught in thick brush, not seen when overflown on 12 august plane following conchos. search continues until sunday, 17 august, when word received capt. leonard f. ( two-gun ) matlack, commanding troop k, 8th cavalry, @ candelaria, airmen being held ransom. flyers had been taken prisoner on wednesday, august 13, villista desperado named jesus renteria. bandit sent ransom note rancher @ candelaria, along telegrams forced airmen write fathers , secretary of war, commanding general of southern department, , commanding officer of u.s. forces in big bend district. renteria demanded $15,000 not later monday, august 18, or 2 americans killed. war department authorizes payment, , local ranchers subscribe full amount can disbursed marfa national bank. negotiations through intermediaries see captain matlack crossing border on monday night swap half money 1 american. goes smoothly , in 45 minutes returns lieutenant peterson. en route rendezvous other half of ransom, matlack overhears renteria s men discussing killing both americans once have money. @ meeting, matlack pulls gun, directs mexicans tell renteria go hell , and, avoiding ambush, rides across border lieutenant davis. on tuesday, 19 august, capt. matlack leads troops c , k, 8th cavalry, in pursuit of renteria , gang. air service planes scout ahead, , 1st lts. frank estill , russell h. cooper spot 3 horsemen in canyon ~12–15 miles w of candelaria in late afternoon. when close look, riders fire on dh.4. estill makes firing pass machine guns , cooper opens lewis guns, killing 1 man, reportedly renteria. search gang continues until 23 august when, mexican government protesting invasion of territory, american forces return u.s. loss of jn-4d 24146 recorded 13 august.
8 october
during first (and only) transcontinental reliability , endurance test, air race between roosevelt field, long island, new york , presidio of san francisco, california, brig. gen. lionel charlton, royal air force, british air attaché, hits fence during forced landing near ithaca, new york in bristol f.2 fighter, 2nd lt. george c. mcdonald hits ditch when engine trouble in unspecified type (probably de havilland) forces him down @ plymouth, pennsylvania, , 1st lt. d. b. gish s dh-4 catches fire on livingston county in western new york state, , makes emergency landing. neither he, nor passenger, capt. paul de la vergne of french air service , french air attaché, injured, aircraft written-off. forced landing kills sgt. w. h. nevitt when liberty l-12 engine of dh-4b piloted col. gerald c. brant fails after oil line breaks. plane plunges ground near deposit, new york when power lost on landing, killing nevitt , injuring brant. of entrants flying presidio new york, 1 dh-4b crashes attempting land @ salt lake city, utah, killing pilot maj. dana h. crissy, commander of mather field, california, , mechanic, sfc virgil thomas. flying field @ presidio subsequently named crissy field.
9 october
continuing cross-country contest, dh-4b hits side of mountain w of cheyenne, wyoming, killing 1st lt. edwin v. vales , badly injuring 2nd lt. william c. goldsborough. lt. a. m. roberts , observer survive close call when, in effort make lost time, roberts chooses direct route, on lake erie, between buffalo , cleveland. engine fails, , has ditch in lake. luckily, passing freighter sees crash , picks 2 men.
10 october
on third day of transcontinental contest, east-bound dh-4b, piloted maj. albert sneed, out of gas, makes fast landing @ buffalo, new york. passenger sgt. worth c. mcclure undoes seatbelt , slides onto rear fuselage weight down tail quicker stop. plane bounces on landing, smashes nose-first ground, , mcclure thrown off , killed.
15 october
two more fatalities recorded in transcontinental endurance test when 2nd lts. french kirby , stanley c. miller die in emergency landing in dh-4 near wyoming–utah border when suffer engine failure near evanston, wyoming. during two-week test, 54 accidents wreck or damage planes. twenty-nine result motor trouble, 16 bad landings, 5 poor weather, 2 when pilots lose way, 1 in take-off, , 1 fire. in 42 cases accident meant end of race pilot. 7 fatalities occur during race, 1 in de havilland dh-4b, others in dh-4s. lt. john owen donaldson awarded mackay gold medal taking first place in army s transcontinental air race. donaldson air force base, south carolina, named great war ace (eight credited victories).
autumn
a caquot type r observation balloon, manufactured goodyear, being deflated @ fort sill, oklahoma, explodes, 24 soldiers handling sand bags on leeward side of balloon receiving burns. dramatic photo exists of men bolting away airship ignites. 1,000 manufactured in 1918–1919. type r displayed @ national museum of united states air force, thought sole survivor of manufactured in great britain during ww ii.
^ southend standard newspaper, 6 february 1919 – airman s tragic death @ westcliff – fatal flying accident @ southend-on-sea, central library.
^ mason, francis k., british fighter since 1912 , naval institute press, annapolis, maryland, 1992, library of congress card number 92-63026, isbn 1-55750-082-7, page 146.
^ green, william, , swanborough, gordon, fighter z , air international, bromley, kent, uk, december 1974, volume 7, number 6, page 302.
^ mason, francis k., british fighter since 1912 , naval institute press, annapolis, maryland, 1992, library of congress card number 92-63026, isbn 1-55750-082-7, page 116.
^ bruce, j.m., war planes of first world war, fighters, volume 1 , doubleday & company inc., garden city, new york, 1965, library of congress card number 65-25323, page 110.
^ cite error: named reference arlingtoncemetery.net invoked never defined (see page).
^ whittle, richard. dream machine: untold history of notorious v-22 osprey , new york: simon & schuster, 2010. isbn 1-4165-6295-8, page 11.
^ charnov, dr. bruce h., ph.d, j.d., autogiro gyroplane: 1923 – 2003 , hofstra university, hempstead, new york.
^ history – groen brothers aviation global, inc
^ cierva bcd3 (barcala-cierva-diaz) . flyingmachines.ru. retrieved 9 july 2015.
^ archived copy (pdf). archived original (pdf) on 26 july 2011. retrieved 2011-08-26.
^ new york times index published news. new york times company. 1919. p. 2.
^ new york times, july 16, 1919, wednesday, page 1, british airship burns crew; twelve lost when ns-11 falls flaming north sea.
^ new york times, july 27, 1919, sunday, editorial, page 39, helium flying; non-flammable gas may yet produced in quantities , @ cost suited dirigibles.
^ loss of n.s.11. warmsley, n. retrieved on 5 april 2009.
^ green, william, , swanborough, gordon, fighter z , air international, bromley, kent, uk, february 1976, volume 10, number 2, page 98.
^ madmonarchist. mad monarchist: soldier of monarchy: colonel alexander kazakov . retrieved 1 october 2014.
^ nieuport aces of world war i. p. 84.
^ http://www.aviationarchaeology.com/src/1940sb4/1919.htm
^ maurer, maurer, aviation in u.s. army, 1919–1939 , office of air force history, united states air force, washington, d.c., 1987, library of congress card number 87-12257, isbn 0-912799-38-2, pages 103–105.
^ maurer maurer, aviation in u.s. army, 1919–1939 , united states air force historical research center, office of air force history, washington, d.c., 1987, isbn 0-912799-38-2, page 31.
^ ralph s. cooper, d.v.m. general billy mitchell . earlyaviators.com. retrieved 2010-11-25.
^ maurer maurer, aviation in u.s. army, 1919–1939 , united states air force historical research center, office of air force history, washington, d.c., 1987, isbn 0-912799-38-2, page 32.
^ maurer maurer, aviation in u.s. army, 1919–1939 , united states air force historical research center, office of air force history, washington, d.c., 1987, isbn 0-912799-38-2, page 34.
^ national cyclopedia of american biography, vol. xxiv, p. 226.
^ swann, dr. w. f., causes , preventions of fires in balloons , scientific american supplement no. 2285, 8 november 1919, page 258.
^ factsheets : caquot type r observation balloon . af.mil. retrieved 9 july 2015.
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