lange elisabethstraat
map of utrecht nowadays
in 19th century, role of utrecht fortified town had become obsolete. fortifications of nieuwe hollandse waterlinie moved east of utrecht. town walls demolished allow expansion. moats remained intact , formed important feature of zocher plantsoen, english style landscape park remains largely intact today. growth of city increased when, in 1843, railway connecting utrecht amsterdam opened. after that, utrecht gradually became main hub of dutch railway network. industrial revolution gathering speed in netherlands , ramparts taken down, utrecht began grow far beyond medieval centre. in 1853, dutch government allowed bishopric of utrecht reinstated rome, , utrecht became centre of dutch catholicism once more. 1880s onward neighbourhoods such oudwijk, wittevrouwen, vogelenbuurt east, , lombok west developed. new middle class residential areas, such tuindorp , oog in al, built in 1920s , 1930s. during period, several jugendstil houses , office buildings built, followed rietveld built rietveld schröder house (1924), , dudok s construction of city theater (1941).
during world war ii, utrecht held germans until general german surrender of netherlands on 5 may 1945. british , canadian troops had surrounded city entered after surrender, on 7 may 1945. after end of world war ii, city has grown considerably when new neighbourhoods such overvecht, kanaleneiland, hoograven (nl) , lunetten built. around 2000 city leidsche rijn housing area developed next extension of city west.
the area surrounding utrecht centraal railway station , station developed following modernist ideas of 1960s, in brutalist style. led construction of shopping mall hoog catharijne (nl), music centre vredenburg (hertzberger, 1979), , conversion of part of ancient canal structure highway (catherijnebaan). protest against further modernisation of city centre followed before last buildings finalised. in 21st century whole area being redeveloped. redeveloped music centre opened in 2014 original vredenburg concert , rock , jazz halls brought in single building.
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